Animal Info - Ethiopia

Threatened Species, Environmental and Social Data (Mammals, Biodiversity/Ecosystems, Population, Area/Land Use, Protected Lands, Economy, Education), References and Links

Threatened Species

Threatened Species: The following list includes all mammals which occur in Ethiopia and are rated as Critically Endangered (CR), Endangered (EN) or Vulnerable (VU) in the 2004 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals.

Critically Endangered:
- African Wild Ass (Equus africanus).
- Bilen Gerbil (Gerbillus bilensis). (Endemic to Ethiopia.)
- Black Rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis).
- Ethiopian Wolf (Simien Jackal) (Canis simensis). (Endemic to Ethiopia.)
- Guramba Shrew (Crocidura phaeura). (Endemic to Ethiopia.)
- Harenna Shrew (Crocidura harenna). (Endemic to Ethiopia.)
- MacMillan's Shrew (Crocidura macmillani). (Endemic to Ethiopia.)
- Walia Ibex (Capra walie). (Endemic to Ethiopia.)
Endangered:
- Grevy's Zebra (Equus grevyi).
- Mountain Nyala (Tragelaphus buxtoni). (Endemic to Ethiopia.)
- Nubian Ibex (Capra nubiana).
- Wild Dog (Lycaon pictus).
Vulnerable:
- African Elephant (Loxodonta africana).
- Ammodile (Gerbil Family) (Ammodillus imbellis).
- Bailey's Shrew (Crocidura baileyi). (Endemic to Ethiopia.)
- Bale Shrew (Crocidura bottegoides). (Endemic to Ethiopia.)
- Beira Antelope (Dorcatragus megalotis).
- Cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus).
- Dibatag (Ammodorcas clarkei).
- Dorcas Gazelle (Gazella dorcas).
- Glass's Shrew (Crocidura glassi). (Endemic to Ethiopia.)
- Large-eared Free-tailed Bat (Otomops martiensseni).
- Lesser Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus hipposideros).
- Lion (Panthera leo).
- Moorland Shrew (Crocidura lucina). (Endemic to Ethiopia.)
- Morris's Bat (Myotis morrisi).
- Mouse-tailed Bat Species (Rhinopoma macinnesi).
- Natal Free-tailed Bat (Mormopterus acetabulosus).
- Nikolaus's Mouse (Megadendromus nikolausi). (Endemic to Ethiopia.)
- Patrizi's Trident Leaf-nosed Bat (Asellia patrizii).
- Red-fronted Gazelle (Gazella rufifrons).
- Rupp's Mouse (Myomys ruppi). (Endemic to Ethiopia.)
- Scott's Mouse-eared Bat (Myotis scotti). (Endemic to Ethiopia.)
- Soemmerring's Gazelle (Gazella soemmerringii).
- Speke's Gazelle (Gazella spekei).
- Spotted-necked Otter (Lutra maculicollis).
- Stripe-backed Mouse (Muriculus imberbis). (Endemic to Ethiopia.)

Environmental and Social Data

Mammals

Total number of species: 255 (Groombridge & Jenkins 1994)
Number of endemic species: 31 (Groombridge & Jenkins 1994)
Number of threatened species: 1996: 35 (14 % of total species) (IUCN 1996); 2000: 37 (15% of total species) (IUCN 2000)

Biodiversity/Ecosystems

Ethiopia contains portions of the Sudanian Savannas, East African Acacia Savannas, Sudd Flooded Grasslands & Savannas, Ethiopian Highlands, and Rift Valley Lakes Global 200 Ecoregions (Olson & Dinerstein 1998, Olson & Dinerstein 1999)

Population

Population in 1995: 55,979,000 (Natl. Geog. Soc. 1995)
Population density in 1995: 50.9 people/sq km (131.7 people/sq mi) (Natl. Geog. Soc. 1995)
Population in 1998: 58,390,351 (World Almanac 1999)
Average population growth rate, 1980 - 1990: 3.1 % (World Bank 1992)

Area/Land Use

Area: 1,100,574 sq km (424,934 sq mi) (Natl. Geog. Soc. 1995)
Percentages of primary world ecosystem types:

Major Wetland: 1 %
Desert and Semi-desert: 2 %
Grass and Shrub: 41 %
Crop and Settlements: 4 %
Interrupted Woods: 32 %
Major Forests: 20 %

(Groombridge 1992)

Percent of land area classified as the following degree of human disturbance: Low: 2 %; Medium: 93 %; High: 5 % (WRI 1994)

Protected Lands

Area: 25,340 sq km (9,781 sq mi) (Natl. Geog. Soc. 1995)
Percent of land protected: 2.48 % totally protected; 0 % partially protected; 2.48 % totally or partially protected (Groombridge 1992)

Economy

Per capita GNP ($ U.S.) (1991): $123 (WRI 1994)
Per capita GDP ($ U.S.) (1996): $430 (World Almanac 1999)

Education

Percent of females in secondary education (1989): 12 % (World Bank 1992)

References and Links

References: Groombridge 1992, Groombridge & Jenkins 1994, IUCN 1994, IUCN 1996, IUCN 2000, IUCN 2004, Natl. Geog. Soc. 1995, Olson & Dinerstein 1998, Olson & Dinerstein 1999, World Almanac 1999, World Bank 1992, WRI 1994

General Links (After you get to one of these sites, click on the link for Ethiopia): CIA World Factbook, Foreign Embassies of Washington, D.C., Library of Congress - Country Studies, University of Texas - Country Maps, Washington Post - Countries, World Resources Institute - Country Profiles

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Last modified: March 30, 2005;